WhitmanTrading

Measured Move: Right on Average, Wide

A measured move projects the size of a completed leg forward from the end of the pullback, on the assumption that the next leg will be about the same length. Measured on this site's shared history the median came in at 0.958 of the first leg, with the middle eighty per cent spread from 0.51 to 2.20.

How it works

A candlestick chart of the site's shared price history. The headline on the chart reads: The next leg will be the size of the last one.
The next leg will be the size of the last one. Illustrative chart - not real market data.

The idea is the simplest projection in technical analysis. A market moves, pulls back, and moves again — and the second move is assumed to be about the size of the first.

A gently rising stretch of the long price series. The headline on the chart reads: Measure the first leg, add it to the pullback low.
Measure the first leg, add it to the pullback low. Illustrative chart - not real market data.

The arithmetic is one subtraction and one addition. Measure the first leg from its low to its high. Add that distance to the low of the pullback. That price is the target.

It appears under several names. The AB equals CD pattern, the flag pole projection, and the bull flag target are all this calculation with different labels attached.

What it actually does

A calmly advancing stretch of the long price series. The headline on the chart reads: Measured here the median second leg is 0.958 of the first.
Measured here the median second leg is 0.958 of the first. Illustrative chart - not real market data.

On this site’s shared history the median second leg came in at 0.958 of the first, across 82 consecutive swing pairs measured on a one per cent zigzag.

A choppy, directionless stretch of the long price series. The headline on the chart reads: Which is almost exactly what the rule predicts.
Which is almost exactly what the rule predicts. Illustrative chart - not real market data.

That is a striking result for such a crude rule. The projection says the ratio should be 1.0 and the measured middle of the distribution is 0.958 — within five per cent of the claim.

A flat, quiet stretch of the long price series. The headline on the chart reads: And only 16% of them land within a tenth of it.
And only 16% of them land within a tenth of it. Illustrative chart - not real market data.

Then the second number arrives. Only 16% of the 82 pairs landed between 0.9 and 1.1 of the first leg. Five times out of six, the projection was not close.

A strongly rising stretch of the long price series. The headline on the chart reads: The middle eighty per cent runs 0.51 to 2.20.
The middle eighty per cent runs 0.51 to 2.20. Illustrative chart - not real market data.

The tenth percentile was 0.512 and the ninetieth was 2.195. One second leg in ten was barely half the first; one in ten was more than double it.

A declining stretch of the long price series. The headline on the chart reads: Right on average, unusable on any single trade.
Right on average, unusable on any single trade. Illustrative chart - not real market data.

Both facts are true at once and neither cancels the other. The rule describes the centre of the distribution accurately and tells you almost nothing about the trade in front of you. That combination — correct on average, wide in practice — is the honest description of most projection tools, and it is the part that gets left out when one is taught.

In practice

A candlestick chart with a volume histogram beneath it, with the volume histogram emphasised. The headline on the chart reads: Participation fading into the target is the real signal.
Participation fading into the target is the real signal. Illustrative chart - not real market data.

Read participation, not the line. Volume thinning as price approaches the projection is a reason to take the exit; the projection arriving is not.

A long-horizon candlestick view of the same price series. The headline on the chart reads: On a daily chart the second leg takes weeks.
On a daily chart the second leg takes weeks. Illustrative chart - not real market data.

The target inherits the timeframe’s clock. A daily measured move is a multi-week hold, and a five-minute one resolves inside a session.

A candlestick series containing several opening gaps, with the largest opening gap marked. The headline on the chart reads: A gap can complete the whole measured move at an open.
A gap can complete the whole measured move at an open. Illustrative chart - not real market data.

A gap can deliver the entire projection in one print, which is the best outcome available and the one nobody plans for.

A declining stretch of the long price series, with the entry price and the level at which a stop would trigger drawn as horizontal lines. The headline on the chart reads: The stop comes from the pullback, not from the target.
The stop comes from the pullback, not from the target. Illustrative chart - not real market data.

The stop belongs below the pullback low. That is the level whose breach says the setup was wrong, and it is unrelated to how far the projection reaches.

A candlestick chart of the site's shared price history, annotated with the round-trip cost. The headline on the chart reads: And the round trip takes a share of a bar off it.
And the round trip takes a share of a bar off it. Illustrative chart - not real market data.

Costs come off the projection before anything else. 2% of a median bar’s range per round trip on this history, which matters most when the target is close.

A 72-bar candlestick section of the shared price history. The headline on the chart reads: No resting order is sitting at the projection.
No resting order is sitting at the projection. Illustrative chart - not real market data.

The projection has no mechanism behind it. Unlike a prior high, nothing has ever happened at that price — it is arithmetic on a chart, which is why the honest use is to size an expectation before entering rather than to defend a position afterwards.

There is a way to use the spread rather than fight it. Before entering, compare the distance to a half-sized projection against the distance to the stop. If the trade does not clear its costs at 0.5 of the first leg, it depends on landing in the upper half of a very wide distribution, which is a different and much weaker proposition than the setup appeared to be.

That check takes ten seconds and rejects a category of trade that otherwise looks fine. The projection is not being used as a target there; it is being used as a filter, and a filter is a job it can actually do — because a filter only needs the middle of the distribution to be roughly right, which is the one thing this rule genuinely delivers.

What a measured move is not

It is not a forecast. It is the middle of a wide distribution.

It is not a reason to hold. Price reaching it is not an obligation to continue.

It is not specific to a pattern. Flags and AB equals CD are the same sum.

And it is not a risk model. It describes only the profitable side.

When it fails

A sideways, range-bound candlestick series. The headline on the chart reads: In a range the second leg stops at the first high.
In a range the second leg stops at the first high. Illustrative chart - not real market data.

In a range the second leg stops at the top of the box, which is usually a long way short of the projection, and the trade gives back an open profit waiting for a target that was never reachable.

The second failure is measuring the wrong first leg. A larger or smaller swing produces a different target from the same chart, and the choice is made by the person drawing it.

A third is treating 0.958 as a plan. The median is a description of eighty-two trades, not a prediction about one.

A fourth is ignoring what is between here and there. A prior high sitting inside the projection is a better exit than the projection.

And a fifth is the reverse error — refusing to use it at all. A rough expected size is genuinely useful before entry, when you are deciding whether the trade clears its costs.

The original data

On this site’s shared 576-bar history, 82 consecutive swing pairs were measured on a one per cent zigzag. The median second leg was 0.958 of the first, 51% were shorter than the first, only 16% landed within a tenth of equality, and the tenth and ninetieth percentiles were 0.512 and 2.195. The figures are in research/series-measurements.json, produced by site/measure_series.py.

A 72-bar window of the shared price history, cut short at the decision bar. The headline on the chart reads: The first leg was three points. Project three more?
The first leg was three points. Project three more? Illustrative chart - not real market data.

The 51% figure is the one to keep. A second leg is very slightly more likely to fall short than to exceed, which makes a full-size target at the projection a coin flip rather than an edge. The practical adjustment is to place the first exit inside the projection and let a trailing stop handle the rest — that converts a fifty-fifty target into a high-probability partial plus an open-ended remainder, without needing the projection to be right at all.

Fibonacci extension is the same idea with ratios attached. Take profit is where the exit decision belongs. And swing high and low is what the legs are measured between.

What I actually do

This is the projection I actually use, mostly because it needs no theory. What changed how I use it was measuring the spread rather than the average. Once you have seen that the second leg can be half or double, you stop treating the target as a place the market owes you and start treating it as a rough guide to whether the trade is worth taking at all.

— Michael Whitman

This page is educational, not financial advice. Test every idea on your own charts before risking money.